What is HTML?

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. It is a markup language used to create and design web pages and applications for the World Wide Web.

What is a tag in HTML?

An HTML tag is a piece of code that defines a specific element on a web page. It consists of a start tag and an end tag, with content between the two.

What is the difference between HTML and HTML5?

HTML5 is the latest version of HTML and is designed to be more efficient and user-friendly than its predecessors. It includes new features like video and audio tags, form validation, and canvas elements.

What is the difference between div and span in HTML?

The <div> tag is used to define a division or section of a web page, while the <span> tag is used to define a small section of text within a larger section.

What is the purpose of the alt attribute in the img tag?

The alt attribute in the img tag is used to provide a text description of an image for users who cannot see it. It is also used by search engines to index images.

What is a hyperlink in HTML?

A hyperlink in HTML is a clickable link that takes the user to another web page or a specific location on the same web page.

What is the difference between padding and margin in CSS?

Padding is the space between the content and the border of an element, while margin is the space between the border of an element and the adjacent elements.

What is the box model in CSS?

The box model in CSS describes how elements on a web page are displayed as rectangular boxes. It consists of four parts: content, padding, border, and margin.

What is the difference between a class and an ID in HTML?

A class in HTML is used to define a group of elements with the same style or behavior, while an ID is used to identify a specific element on a web page.

What is the difference between a GET request and a POST request in HTML?

A GET request is used to retrieve data from a web server, while a POST request is used to send data to a web server for processing. GET requests are typically used for simple requests like retrieving web pages, while POST requests are used for more complex requests like submitting forms.

What is a form in HTML?

A form in HTML is used to collect input from a user on a web page. It typically includes input fields, such as text boxes and radio buttons, and a submit button to send the form data to a server for processing.

What is the difference between a relative and an absolute URL in HTML?

A relative URL is a URL that is relative to the current page or website, while an absolute URL is a full URL that includes the protocol (http or https), domain name, and path to the resource.

What is semantic HTML?

Semantic HTML is a coding practice that involves using HTML tags that accurately describe the content they contain. For example, using the <nav> tag for a navigation menu, or the <article> tag for a standalone piece of content.

What is the difference between inline and block-level elements in HTML?

Inline elements are elements that do not start on a new line and only take up as much width as necessary, while block-level elements start on a new line and take up the full width of their parent container.

What is the purpose of the <meta> tag in HTML?

The <meta> tag is used to provide metadata about a web page, such as its description, keywords, and author. It is also used to specify the character set and viewport settings for the page.

What is the purpose of the <head> tag in HTML?

The <head> tag is used to define the head section of a web page, which contains metadata and links to external resources such as stylesheets and scripts.

What is the purpose of the <body> tag in HTML?

The <body> tag is used to define the body section of a web page, which contains the visible content of the page.

What is the difference between HTML and XHTML?

XHTML is a stricter version of HTML that follows the rules of XML. It requires well-formed markup, including properly nested tags and attribute values in quotes, and is more likely to generate errors when code is not properly written.

What is responsive web design?

Responsive web design is an approach to web design that aims to provide an optimal viewing and user experience across a range of devices and screen sizes. It involves using fluid layouts, flexible images, and media queries to adapt the layout and content of a web page to the device on which it is being viewed.

What is a cookie in HTML?

A cookie in HTML is a small text file that is stored on a user’s computer by a website. It is used to remember information about the user, such as their preferences and login information.

 

HTML interview questions for experienced professionals

What is semantic HTML, and why is it important?

Semantic HTML is a coding practice that involves using HTML markup to convey the meaning and structure of content on a webpage. It is important because it makes web pages more accessible to people using assistive technologies, such as screen readers, and it also helps search engines understand the content of a page.

What is the difference between a div tag and a span tag?

A div tag is used to define a block-level element, while a span tag is used to define an inline element. Block-level elements are used to define sections of a web page, such as paragraphs or headings, while inline elements are used to define text or other content within those sections.

How do you optimize images for web performance?

Image optimization techniques include compressing images to reduce file size, choosing the appropriate image format (such as JPEG or PNG) based on the type of image, and using responsive images to serve different sizes of images to different devices.

What is the purpose of the alt attribute in the image tag?

The alt attribute in the image tag is used to provide a text description of an image for users who are unable to see the image, such as those using assistive technologies.

What is the difference between HTML and XHTML?

HTML is a markup language used for creating web pages, while XHTML is a stricter, XML-based version of HTML. XHTML requires adherence to strict syntax rules, such as properly nested tags and lowercase tag names, and it also requires that all tags be closed.

How do you create a responsive design in HTML?

Responsive design in HTML involves using CSS media queries to adjust the layout and styling of a web page based on the size and orientation of the device. This can include adjusting the font size, changing the layout of elements, and hiding or showing certain elements based on the screen size.

How do you use HTML5 semantic tags?

HTML5 semantic tags, such as <header>, <nav>, <main>, and <footer>, are used to define the structure and meaning of content on a web page. They are used to create more semantically meaningful markup, which can improve accessibility and search engine optimization.

What is the difference between a GET request and a POST request?

A GET request is used to retrieve data from a server, while a POST request is used to send data to a server for processing. GET requests typically include parameters in the URL, while POST requests include data in the request body.

What is the purpose of the target attribute in the link tag?

The target attribute in the link tag is used to specify where a linked document should be opened. It can be set to “_blank” to open the document in a new browser window or tab, or to “_self” to open the document in the same window or tab.

What is the difference between the HTML5 doctype and the HTML4 doctype?

The HTML5 doctype is simpler and more flexible than the HTML4 doctype. It does not require a DTD (Document Type Definition), which can make it easier to write and validate HTML code. It also includes new semantic tags and attributes that are not available in HTML4.